Abstract: Objcetive To analyze the associated complications and the causes of death of hepatitis B virus related cirrhosis patients. Methods The data of 2568 patients from January 2008 to December 2010 and 3008 patients from January 2011 to September 2014, hospitalized in Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, were retrospective reviewed respectively. Results Among all the hepatitis B virus (HBV) related cirrhosis patients, the highest incidence of complication was primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and it showed an ascending trend in recent years (P = 0.000). The incidence of other complications, including ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), upper gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and hepatorenal syndrome(HRS) were reduced (P = 0.000). No significant difference between the incidence of type 2 diabetes and hypertension (P = 0.399，P = 0.089). Apart from SBP, pneumonia was the most frequent type of infection. Conclusions HCC is still the most common complication and the predominant cause of HBV related cirrhosis. A variety of complications coexist in all death patients.