Abstract: Objective The clinical data of 181 cases with liver transplantation of chronic severe hepatitis in our department were analyzed, retrospectively. The risk factors of the early acute lung injury after liver transplantation of chronic severe hepatitis were also analyzed. Methods According to the diagnostic criteria
for ALI: 181 patients were divided into two groups, the ALI group and non-ALI group. The socre of the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), age, total of intake and output and its’ difference in early 5 days, the oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2), the period of anhepatic phase, the volume of intraoperative blood
transfusion and intraoperative fluid, the duration of mechanical ventilation and MV( Mechanical ventilation ) of the two groups were compared. The risk factors of postoperative ALI after liver transplantation of chronic severe hepatitis were analyzed with the single-factor and multi-factor regression analysis. Results Single factor analysis indicated that there was significant difference (P = 0.03) between the eight variables (such as the score of MELD, age, total of intake and output and its’ difference in early 5 days, the oxygenation index, the period of anhepatic phase, the volume of intraoperative blood transfusion and intraoperative fluid, the duration of mechanical ventilation) and the early acute lung injury after liver transplantation of chronic severe hepatitis. Regression analysis showed that the age, the total of intake and output in early 5 days, the volume of intraoperative blood transfusion and intraoperative fluid, the duration of mechanical ventilation were the risk factors of acute lung injury after liver transplantation of chronic severe hepatitis. Conclusions The age, the volume of intraoperative blood transfusion and intraoperative fluid, the duration of mechanical ventilation, the total of intake and output in early 5 days were the risk factors of acute lung injury after liver transplantation of chronic severe hepatitis.