Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth common cancer and the third important cause
of cancer related death for men in the world. Viral hepatitis, obesity and metabolic syndrome are well-
established risk factors contributing to the long-term rising incidence of HCC. In this paper, we focus on
the most recent evidences and recommendations from guidelines and review the diagnostic and therapeutic
management of HCC. The early diagnosis of HCC rely on typical radiological hallmarks in dynamic contrast-
enhanced imaging. Liver transplantation, surgical resection and radiofrequency ablation are considered to be
cornerstones of curative therapy, while sorafenib and transarterial chemoembolization are recommended for
patients with advanced HCC. A multidisciplinary team consisting of hepatologists, surgeons, radiologists,
oncologists and pathologists is fundamental for the correct management of HCC.