Abstract: Objective To explore the retreatment of chronic hepatitis B patients with failure of lamivudine
and adefovir combination therapy. Methods Total of 100 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with treatment
failure by LAM and ADV combined therapy were selected and divided into control group and remedy group
according to financial condition and the will of the patients, 50 cases in each group. Patients in control group
were continually given LAM (100 mg/d) and ADV (10 mg/d) treatment. Patients in remedy group were treated
with TDF (300 mg/d) joint ETV (0.5 mg/d). All patients were treated for 48 weeks. Virology, biochemistry,
serology tests were implemented at treatment baseline, 12 weeks, 24 weeks and 48 weeks after treatment.
The serum HBV DNA negative conversion rate, liver function recovery rate, virological breakthrough rate,
HBeAg seroconversion rate and adverse effects were retrospectively evaluated. Results After 48 weeks, the
HBV DNA negative conversion rate, liver function recovery rate, virological breakthrough rate were 94.0%
(47/50), 89.2% (33/37) and 0.0% (0/50) in remedy group; in control group, the above indicators were 34.0%
(17/50), 25.7% (9/35) and 14.0% (7/50), the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). After 48
weeks, the seroconversion rate (from HBeAg to HBeAb) was 15.4% (4/26) in remedy group and 16.7% (4/24)
in control group, the differences had no statistical significance (χ 2 = 0.023, P = 0.769). Patients in both groups
were well tolerated, without any case of drug withdrawal caused by severe adverse effects. Conclusions

The therapy of TDF combined with ETV is an effective and safe therapeutic strategy for CHB patients with
treatment failure by LAM combined with ADV therapy.