Abstract: Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the hot spot of current research in
hepatology. It is suggested that more effective early detection, diagnosis and treatment of patients with
HCC are of great significance to the decreased HCC mortality among the high-risk population. One case
of prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA -Ⅱ) as a screening marker for detection of ultra-
early HCC in hepatitis B patients with post-hepatitis cirrhosis diagnosed 5 years but untreated with standard
antiviral treatment was reported, nearly 4 months earlier than MRI. Many guidelines recommend PIVKA-II
as a screening marker for detection of early HCC.