Abstract: Objective To investigate the expression profile and biological functions of long
non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA in liver tissue of female primary biliary cholangitis
(PBC) patients with poor response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). Methods Liver biopsy
tissues were collected from 6 female patients with PBC in Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital
Medical University from July 2015 to July 2016, including 3 patients with good response to
UDCA (control group) and 3 patients with poor response to UDCA (experimental group).
The tissues were subjected to RNA extraction, purification, amplification and microarray
experiments. The expression levels of lncRNA and mRNA were detected using illumina highthroughput sequencing technology. Differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA were screened
with fold difference (FC) ≥ 1.5-fold and P < 0.05 as screening conditions. Differentially
expressed lncRNA and mRNA were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) functional analysis,
signal transduction pathway enrichment (KEGG) analysis and protein interaction network
analysis. Results A total of 599 differentially expressed mRNA (312 were up-regulated
and 287 were downregulated) and 1167 lncRNA (685 were up-regulated and 482 were
downregulated) were detected. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that differentially expressed
mRNA were associated with triglyceride, long-chain fatty acid metabolism, cholesterol ef?ux,
gluconeogenesis, positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis and so on. These mRNA are
associated with nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling
pathway, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway, fatty acid degradation
pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction signaling pathway and so on. The target genes
of differentially expressed lncRNA are associated with phosphorus metabolism, phosphate
metabolism, energy metabolism, cell activation, immune effect regulation, antigen processing
and presentation. These target genes are associated with viral infection pathways, mitophagy
pathways, cytokine receptor-related pathways and Wnt signaling pathways. Conclusions This
study is a supplement to the lncRNA profle associated with poor response in PBC. A certain
number of differentially expressed lncRNA were found, and their functionally targeted genes
and signaling pathways were predicted, which is expected to provide a new reference for the
study of poor response in PBC.
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