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摘要：
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摘要：代谢相关脂肪性肝病（metabolic associated fatty liver disease，MAFLD）曾称非
酒精性脂肪性肝病（non-alcohol fatty liver disease，NAFLD），是一种常见的肝脏疾
病，其发病率逐年上升，了解其危险因素对疾病的预防十分必要。传统观察性研究揭
示了某些可控因素对NAFLD有一定影响，然而始终无法避免其固有的局限性，如混杂
因素、测量误差及反向因果关系。孟德尔随机化研究是目前研究因果关系的一种新方
法，主要应用单核苷酸多态性作为工具变量，代替可改变的暴露因素来研究危险因素
与疾病间的因果关系。本文对已发表的关于NAFLD的孟德尔随机化研究进行总结，以
期为探讨不同危险因素与NAFLD间的因果关系提供帮助。
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Abstract: Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) was once called non-alcoholic
fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a common liver disease. The incidence rate is
increasing year by year. It is necessary to understand its risk factors for disease prevention.
Traditional observational studies have revealed that certain controllable factors have an
impact on NAFLD. However, it has never been able to avoid its inherent limitations such as
confounding factors, measurement errors, and reverse causality. Mendelian randomization is a
new method for studying causal relationships, mainly using single nucleotide polymorphisms
as instrumental variables to replace modifiable exposure factors in studying the causal
relationship between risk factors and diseases. This article summarized the published
Mendelian randomization studies on NAFLD, in order to provide assistance in exploring the
causal relationship between different risk factors and NAFLD.
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