Abstract: Objective To investigate the differences in clinical application of interferon, nucleos(t)ide
analogues alone and sequential therapy in the treatment of HBeAg positive patients with chronic hepatitis
B (CHB). Methods Total of 120 HBeAg positive patients with CHB were selected as the research objects
and were divided into three groups (A, B and C) with 40 cases in each according to the order of treatment.
Patients in group A were treated with pegylated interferon α-2a (PegIFNα-2a) therapy while group B were
given entecavir therapy and group C were given entecavir sequential PegIFNα-2a therapy. With 12 months
of treatment in behaviors phase, the negative conversion rates of HBeAg, hepatitis B virus surface antigen
(HBsAg), HBV DNA positive conversion rates of hepatitis B virus surface antibody (anti-HBS), hepatitis B
virus e antibody (anti-HBe) and normalizing rate of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of the three groups in
the last follow-up were compared. The changes of ALT, total bilirubin (TBil), albumin (ALB) and other liver
function indexes in the three groups before and after the treatment were recorded. The differences in the results
of liver function classification (Child-Pugh) of the three groups in the last follow-up were analyzed. Results
①At the end of the follow-up, except that the comparsion of normalizing rate of ALT was not statistically
significant (χ 2 = 0.065, 1.250, 1.867, P = 0.799, 0.264, 0.172, respectively), the negative conversion rates of
HBeAg, HBsAg, HBV DNA and the positive conversion rates of anti-HBs and anti-HBe in group C were the
highest in the three groups (P ＜ 0.01). The conversion rates of the above indexes in group A were slightly
higher than those in group B, but there was no statistically significant difference (χ 2 = 2.581, 0.457, 0.208,
0.157, 0.238, P = 0.108, 0.499, 0.648, 0.692, 0.626, respectively). ②After the treatment, ALT, TBil, ALB and
other liver function indexes of the three groups were significantly lower than those before the treatment (P =
0.000), of which the liver function index in group C was the lowest among the three groups. The difference
was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). The comparison of decreasing amplitude between group A and B was
not statistically significant (t = 1.446, 0.143, 1.226, P = 0.235, 0.854, 0.382, respectively). ③At the end of the
follow-up, Child-Pugh score of patients in group C was the lowest and the A-level rate was 55.0%, which was
significantly higher than that of A and B group (P ＜ 0.05). The comparison of classification results of Child-
Pugh score between group A and B was not statistically significant (χ 2 = 0.000, P = 1.000). Conclusions In
treatment of HBeAg positive patients with CHB, the curative effect of nucleos(t)ide analogues sequential
interferon scheme is exact, which can effectively reduce the serum HBsAg level, promote the improvement of
liver function in patients and is worthy of clinical promotion.