Abstract: Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of autologous transplantation of bone
marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of decompensated cirrhosis. Methods Total of 90
inpatients with decompensated cirrhosis in our hospital were selected. Patients in transplantation group (50
cases) were treated with autologous transplantation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells on the
basis of conservative treatment of internal medicine, and patients in control group (40 cases) were only given
conservative treatment of internal medicine. The postoperative symptoms, signs and blood biochemistry after
24 weeks of treatment were observed, and the clinical efficacy of two groups were compared. Results After
24 weeks of treatment, the clinical symptoms and signs of 84% (42/50) patients in transplantation group
improved, which was only 35% (14/40) in control group. Compared with the previous treatment, ALT, AST,
ALB, TBil, PT and PTA were significantly improved at 24 weeks after treatment in transplantation group
(F = 5.187, 9.288, 11.236, 10.739, 7.865, 11.148; P ＜ 0.001), while ALB, PT and PTA had no statistically
significant differences in control group (F = 2.417, 1.652, 1.737; P = 0.527, 0.566, 0.601). The differences
of ALB, TBil, PT and PTA were statistically significant at 24 weeks after treatment between the two groups
(t = 4.312, 9.198, 12.211, 4.672; P = 0.002, ＜ 0.001, ＜ 0.001, 0.004). Conclusion The effects and safety of
autologous transplantation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of decompensated
cirrhosis is obvious and is worthy of clinical application.